Sustainable Development of Economy
May 16, 2012 | The market value of resources in Tibet should be understood in terms of human survival interests.
The market value of resources in Tibet should be understood in terms of human survival interests. The advantages of resources should be given full play and be effectively allotted in a way harmonious for human behavior and natural environments; it is the basic content of sustainable economic development of Tibet to utilize the uncontaminated environmental resources and develop pollution-free industry, meeting the demands for human health and lasting market competitiveness.
The sustainable economic development of Tibet has been linked with the protection of the ecological environment of Tibet. Also it is a process of realizing the harmony between economic development and ecological environment.
Although the ecological environment of Tibet is less likely to suffer industrial pollution, its natural evolution of the ecosystem is also under heavy pressure.
As for the geological structure, the Tibetan plateau, as the subject of the youngest Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on the earth, is still in the course of development, and growth. The Himalayas still continue rising and the ecosystem, in the natural direction of evolution, tend to be more fragile. As for the global environment, the excessive discharge of green house gases has made the earth climate increasingly warm and the ozone layer has been damaged. The environmental issues in the countries and regions, such as Europe, west Asia, etc. have exerted influence on the environment of Tibet. As a result, the glaciers on the plateau diminish day by day and weather becomes drier and the lakes shrink.
Moreover, the population growth, expanding consumption demand, the more frequent and violent economic activities influence the gradual progress state of the ecosystem of some areas of Tibet. The meadow degradation and soil erosion caused by the rodents, meadow overload and the reclamation on the abrupt slope have made the sustainable development of the farming and animal husbandry confront environmental challenges, and have direct impact on the ecological environment for the economic lives of peasants and herdsmen.
In recent years, the government of Tibet Autonomy Region, in order to achieve sustainable development of economy, have set about to improve the science and technologies for agriculture and animal husbandry for the purpose of relying thereon, to advance the structural adjustment of agriculture and animal husbandry, to implement the “Project of Seeds”, “Fertile Soil Project”, “Livestock Feeding Project” and the construction of rails, to establish the base for quality forage grass, etc., and strengthen the management of meadow and the protection of vegetation to prevent and treat the desertification, promote water and soil conservation. Meanwhile, efforts have been made to make the agriculture and animal husbandry shift progressively from extensive operation to intensive operation and from quantity-oriented type to the quality and efficiency oriented type, and improve the relationship between economic development and ecological environments, As a result, the living standards of peasants and herdsmen have been obviously improved. In particular, the total output of grain increases year by year and the grain reserves is sufficient to supply adequate food and clothing to peasants and herdsmen. Thus there is a fundamental change in agricultural and pasturing area with respect to the universal poverty. The poor population in the whole region has already reduced t0 147,000 people by the end of 1998, dropping by 2 percent compared with the previous year. Meanwhile, the per capita net income of peasants and herdsmen was l,085 yuan in 1997 and rose to 1158 yuan in 1998. The disposable per capita income of urban family was up to 5,438 yuan. Some rural areas began to stride toward a well-off life and have reached a higher level. Take Gangdeling Village in Boilungdeqen County as an example, the per capita net income of the whole village was up to 1,705 yuan and the per capita production of grain is l.083.5 kilograms in 1998. All the families use electricity and 85 percent of families have televisions while 31% percent have tractors. The problem of the shortage in food and clothing in rural areas has been solved. Consequently the quality of life of farmers and herdsmen has been improved. This is the important foundation for adjusting the behaviors of farmers and herdsmen, and to alleviate the pressure on ecological environment. The sustainable development of economy needs local residents to gradually form the awareness of sustainable development and norms of conduct, and can form a correct understanding of the inner link between the economic development and the ecological environment, and can, in light of the actual conditions of local natural environment and the structure of resources, take the actions conducive to stainable utilizing of resources, economic development, and grasp and use advanced and applicable knowledge in science and technology. Therefore, the key link for sustainable economic development of Tibet needs to fully mobilize the manpower resources in Tibet and generally improve the quality of community members in knowledge of science. Only on the basis of good quality of community members in knowledge of science is it possible for ecological design in the process of development of resources and the extensive application of scientific and technical knowledge in the economic life and the technical innovation in agriculture and animal husbandry. Only under that context may conscience be established in the protection of the ecological environment and make the broad masses uphold the sustainable development consciously.